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Iots writing task wlesson seven prodiagram process diagrams show steps or stages in a process
Youll see something like this we have steps and arrows between the steps
The most common type of process in aluls writing task one is a man made process
A factory process
Producing something for example
Producing glass
How glasses made or glasa food
How those type of food is produced
And the steps would show how those processes happen
嗯
If you see an arrow
Here this becomcoma a cycle
A process that continues
This is more common for natural cycles
Such as the water cycle or the life cycle of a butterfly
Its possible that you could see a natural cycle question in your riils test
But this is less common than the man made process questions
However the technique is the same with still describing steps or stages one by one
Describing a process is completely different from describing a graph batchout pitch out or table
Lets quickly at some differences
No numbers
He wont see any numbers in a process diagram
You cant compare anything
Youre just looking at steps one after the other theres nothing to compare
And you cant describe trends
Increase
Decrease
Theres nothing going up or going down
So we cant do most of the things that we usually do
So what can we describe well
We can say how many steps there are
We can say where the process begins and ends
And we can describe each step in the process in detail
So all were doing is talking about the steps
Look at them in general
How many look at where the process begins in ends
And then going to detail
Thats what we need to do for this type of task one
Other thing to look out is the language for process descriptions
Some special language
Theres two main things that are different
Here first steps language and second the passive
Passive verbs
Lets look at steps language
First
This is quite easy
When youre describing a process
Youve got step one
Step two
Step three
You need to organize your description
So youll use words like at the first stage in the process
The process begins with secondly
Finally the second step involves next
Then after that at the following stage
All of this type of phrase
I would call steps language
The other special language for process descriptions is passive verbbs
Lets look at some examples with aa sample question
Imagine we have these steps
And these steps show the process of glast recycling
If we take one of the steps
And say its glass collection how do we put that into the passive
Well glass is collected
Notice we use the verb to be in the present is in this case
And then the past participle glass is collected
Instead of using the active which would be people collect the glass its better in this case to say glass is collected
And if we add some steps language to this
To say that this is step one
We get this sentence at the first stage in the process
Glass is collected
Thats a typical sentence that you might write for a process diagram description
Lets look at another example with step to imagine this is sorting by hand
We could write an active sentence which would be next
People sought the glass by hand
Or we could write a passive
I would prefer the passive in this case
The passive would be next
The collected
Glass is sorted by hand
Instead of using the word
People we dont need to talk about the people we can say the glass as the subject
The glass is sorted another example
Grinding machine now ive included this example
Because you might not know the past participof the verb grind
Lets look at the active sentence
Possibilities
First you could write a machine
Grinds the glass
Or the glass passes through a grinding machine
If you dont want to use the verb grind
Youre not sure about it
Change it
The glass passes through
However
If you want to do this in the passive
Do you know the passive for grind
Well if you dont
You could use pass again in the passive
The glass is passed through a grounding machine
And finally if you do know the past participof the verb grind
You could write the glass is ground in a machine
You can see its an irregular verb
That the glass is ground in a machine or a longer sentence
The sorted glass is then ground in a machine
And this is a good sentence for a process diagram description
One more thing to note before we continue to our question
That is that maps can also show processes
A map is just a type of diagram
And a map can show steps or stages
Ill show you a simple example
Now imagine
We have a map showing growth of a city
And this circle represents the city in the years seventeen hundred to eighteen ninety
So that was the old area of the city
Then the city grew in the years eighteen ninety one to ninety fifty
And then it got even bigger in the years nineteen
Nineteen fifty one to twenty eleven
So you can see there
The city has grown in three steps
So its a process weve got three stages
And we can describe them in the normal way
An example sentence at the second stage of development from eighteen ninety one to nineteen fifty
The city grew in a northelly direction
So you can see steps
Language in the sentence at the second stage job
But we cant see the pasid in this sentence
The verb is grew
And thats
Because we have a clear subject
The city grew
So maybe the only difference with map questions is that you might not use the passive as much
You might not use it at all
Because we have a good subject the city
Grew the city
Became bigger the city developed
So dont worry about map questions
They can show processes
They can show other things
Which will look at in the next lesson
But if you get a process map with stages just use todays lesson and think of it as a process description
Now lets move on to todays process diagram question
Heres the question
Lets look at the question statement at the top first
The diagrams below show
How glass containers such as bottles are produced and recycled
You can see two grey boxes
Weve got glass production with four steps in the top box and glass recycling in five steps in the bottom box
And our job is to describe those
Those proprosses
Ses lets follow unusual approach and right for paragraphs one thing to make sure of in your process diagram descriptions is that paragraph too the overview or summary is good
Most people forget the overview
When theyre describing a process
We mustnt forget it
Lets start with the introduction as usual paraphrase the question heres the question
And will start with the first small phrase
The diagrams below show and ive changed that to the first flow diagram illustrates will talk about the second diagram
Later how glass containers such as bottles are produced
The process of glass container production im recycled or first i need to say im the second diagram shows steps in the process of recycling used glass
And thats my introduction finished the first flow diagram illustrates the process of glass container production
And the second diagram shows steps in the process of recycling used glass
Onto the overview now two sentences to main points and ill show you on the diagrams
What im going to choose
Im going to talk about in my overview
These three materials
That are the main materials that go into glass production
And im going to say that there are four steps in glass production
And five steps in glass recycling
Thats all for your overview for processes
The main thing is to count the steps
You can say something else about the first step
Maybe the last steps
Or in this case the materials
But thats all you need to worry about my first sentence of the overview
We can see that glass ses made using three main raw materials
And that the manufacturing process consists of four distinct stages
It requires five steps to turn used glass into new glass products
You can see there two sentences in the first one
Ive talked about glass production and the materials
And in the second sentence
Ive talked about the steps in glass recycling
And thats my overview finished
And now we can go onto the details paragraphh three and four will start with paragraph three
And look at the diagrams to see what will put in this paragraph
I think its very easy
Will choose the glass production steps for paragraph three and later for paragraph four will do the recycling steps so paragraph three
Three sentences as usual the first one at the first stage in the production of glass sound
Soda Ash
Limestone and other chemicals are mixed together
Second sentence next
This mixture is heated in a glass
Furnness at approximately fifteen hundred degrees
Sea to produce multon glass
Third sentence
The multon glass can then be shaped by blowing to create the n products namely glass containers
And thats prograresh three finished
Lets have a quick look at the steps
Language at the first stage in next then
And also using the words and products represents the final step
Lets look at the passive language
Passive verbs in this paragraph
Weve got our mixed is heated
Can be shaped
Okay onto paragraph
Four the same thing were going to choose the glasses recycling steps for this paragraph
Of course
The first sentence that i wrote glass recycling begins with the collection of used glass products
Second sentence
The collected glass is sorted
According to its color
And then washed in order to remove any impurities at the fourth stage of recycling
The glass is crushed and melted
And the resulting multon glass can finally be mullded to create new tems
Lets look at the steps language in here weve got begins with and then at the fourth stage
And finally another thing about steps
Thats interesting in this paragraph
Is what ive done for example with the collection ive turned this now in the next sentence into an objective
The collected glass
So a good way of linking the steps
Together youve got a nown of something that happens in one step and then in the next step
That has been done already
So it becomes an objective
Another example of how this works melted
And then later the resulting multain glass
So there was a verb
This time it was melted
And then it becomes an objective
The multon glass
The resulting multon glass
So its a nice way of connecting the steps
Again to turn a noun or verb into an objective in the next step
Lets look at the passive in this paragraph
Finally weve got assorted and washed is crushed and melted
Can be mulded
And at the end of the whole report
Because as usual we dont have a conclusion lets look now at the vocabulary
As we usually do
This time we need to look at paraphrasing steps
Language and passive verbs
And maybe one or two other good items of vocabulary that are used in the report
Weve got steps or stages in the process of consists of four distinct stages
It requires five steps
Raw materials and products
I almost always use those two phrases in this type of report
Because a man made factory process starts with raw materials and always ends with end products
Production manufacturing turn used glass into new products
Turn into means to transform something at the first stage next
Then begins with thats
How steps language
Our mixed is heated
Can be shaped
Those are the passive verb structures is sorted
According to can be mulded to create
Are mixed this mixture collection
The collected glass is melted the resulting multon glass
Those last three examples
I talked about where we have one step
And then its used as an objective in the next step
In the case of mixture
Its used as a nwn in the next step
So those are the good words and phrases that i think an examiner would be impressed by and would really notice
And that is what would really help this sa to get a very high score
Andonine thats
The end of this lessabout proprodidiraram
Please print the work sheet
Watched the lesson again
And analyze each sentence
Carefully to make sure
You understood
There was a lot of inagration about process diagrams in this lesson
对对
In the next lesson
Will look at comparison diagrams
Instead of showing a process
It will be two diagrams that you can compare
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